CSS Philosophy Past Paper 2002
Note: Before 2016 Philosophy had Two Papers.
Paper-I
PART-II (Subjective) 100 Marks
PART-I
Q.1 Write only the correct answer in the Answer Book.
(A) Distinguish between the Deductive and Inductive arguments:
(1) Deductive: The argument concludes a specific truth (Omer could not have fired three times in 5.6 seconds), based on premises and facts (the test shows it takes at least 2.3 seconds for a bullet to operate).
(2) Inductive: The argument generalizes the gardener’s role and determines his compensation (rent, profit, wages).
(3) Inductive: The argument generalizes that it is impractical to raise substantial sums through direct taxation, based on past evidence.
(4) (Missing)
(5) Deductive: The argument logically concludes the long-lasting function of the transistor, based on the premise that there is no filament to burn out.
(B) If “Some Saints were martyrs” is true AND “Some merchants are not pirates” is true, what may be inferred about the truth or falsehood of the following propositions?
(6) Some martyrs were not saints: Not necessarily true.
(7) All martyrs were not saints: False.
(8) No martyr was a saint: False.
(9) Some non-pirates are non-merchants: Could be true, but not certain.
(10) All non-pirates are non-merchants: Not necessarily true.
(C) Discuss the validity or invalidity of the following arguments:
(11) Invalid. The conclusion does not follow from the premises because it makes an invalid inference about the engineer based solely on one alternative being false.
(12) Invalid. The argument introduces irrelevant or unrelated facts about a third native and does not follow logically.
(13) Invalid. The conclusion assumes Mr. Smith is the brakeman’s next-door neighbor based on a disjunction that was not proven true.
(14) Valid. The argument logically presents the impossibility of something being the efficient cause of itself.
(15) Valid. It supports that consistently applying names or terms leads to coherent use in language.
(D) Decision on the impact of alternative premises on argument strength:
(16) Adding 10 more years of stock purchases makes the argument stronger because it provides more evidence for long-term trends.
(17) A higher annual increase (10 percent) in stock value strengthens the argument by suggesting better investment performance.
(18) This weakens the argument since the comparison now includes foreign and diverse oil companies, which may deviate from the original context.
(19) This weakens the argument because stricter government regulation could negatively impact the oil stock’s future value.
(20) This weakens the argument because the rise in Tobacco Stocks is unrelated and does not affect the future performance of oil stock.
PART-II
Attempt ONLY FOUR Questions from PART-II. (20×4)
Q.2 What is Logic? Evaluate in brief Aristotelian Logic.
Q.3 How does Induction differ from Deduction? Can Induction be justified?
Q.4 What is the purpose and function of Definition? Discuss various forms of Definition.
Q.5 What is Symbolic Logic? Is it an improvement over traditional logic?
Q.6 Discuss the traditional Square of Opposition.
Q.7 Discuss Ibn-e-Taymiyyah’s refutation of Aristotelian Metaphysics and Logic.
Q.8 Write short notes on any Three of the following:
(a) Categorical Syllogism
(b) Dilemma
(c) Laws of Thought
(d) Probability
(e) Argument by Analogy
(f) Functional Analysis
Paper-II
PART-II (Subjective/Objective) 100 Marks
PART-I
Q.1 Write only the correct answer in the Answer Book.
1. Tahafat-ul-Falsafa was written by:
(A) Al Farani
(B) Al Kindi
(C) Al Gahazali
(D) None of these
2. Tahafat ul Tahafat was written by:
(A) Ibn Ishaq
(B) Ibn Khuldun
(C) Ibn Rushd
(D) None of these
3. ‘Major Themes of the Quran’ was written by:
(A) Ali Shariati
(B) Hussain Nasr
(C) Fazl-ur-Rehman
(D) None of these
4. ‘Origin of species’ was written by:
(A) Bergson
(B) Descartes
(C) Darwin
(D) None of these
5. “Lectures on the Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam” was written by:
(A) Rumi
(B) Ali Shariati
(C) Iqbal
(D) None of these
6. A. J. Ayer is an important name in the Philosophy of:
(A) Pragmatism
(B) Logical Positivism
(C) Existentialism
(D) None of these
7. ‘Philosophical Investigations’ was written by:
(A) Whiteland
(B) Russell
(C) Wittgenstein
(D) None of these
8. ‘Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals’ is written by:
(A) Hegel
(B) Kant
(C) Hume
(D) None of these
9. “Impressions precede Ideas” is the basis of:
(A) Empiricism
(B) Idealism
(C) Vitalism
(D) None of these
10. Cogito ergo sum is the method of philosophy introduced by:
(A) Al Ghazali
(B) Descartes
(C) Plato
(D) None of these
11. “Mind is a Tabula Rasa” is the thesis of:
(A) Leibniz
(B) Berkeley
(C) Locke
(D) None of these
12. “Treatise of Human Nature” was written by:
(A) Spinoza
(B) Hobbes
(C) Hume
(D) None of these
13. “Sun will rise tomorrow.” What is the name of this statement?
(A) Knowledge-statement
(B) Belief-statement
(C) Intuitive-statement
(D) None of these
14. “Existence precedes Essence” is the basic thesis of:
(A) Vitalism
(B) Existentialism
(C) Pragmatism
(D) None of these
15. “Unexamined life is not worth-living.” This is the contention of:
(A) Aristotle
(B) St. Augustime
(C) Socrates
(D) None of these
16. ‘Hujja tillah Hil Baligha” was written by:
(A) Syed Ahmad Khan
(B) Syed Amir Ali
(C) Shah Wali Ullah
(D) None of these
17. ‘Principia Ethica’ was written by:
(A) Whitehead
(B) Russell
(C) G. E. Moore
(D) None of these
18. Critique of Pure Reason is a remarkable contribution of:
(A) Hegel
(B) Kant
(C) J. P. Sartre
(D) None of these
19. “Social Contract” was written by:
(A) Voltair
(B) Rousseau
(C) T. Moore
(D) None of these
20. “God infused His own spirit in man.”; “Now it is up to man to bear, witness that God is indeed present in him.” This saying is of:
(A) Rumi
(B) Ibn Arabi
(C) Allama Iqbal
(D) None of these
PART-II
Attempt ONLY FOUR Questions from PART-II. (20×4)
Q.2 “To be is to be perceived.” Critically evaluate Berkeley’s theory of Idealism.
Q.3 Vitalism is a revolt against Rationalistic & Mechanistic approaches to Philosophy. Do you think that Vitalism succeeds where Rationalism/Mechanism fails?
Q.4 Discuss the role and place of Ijtihad in Islamic culture with special reference to Iqbal.
Q.5 “Man is free man is freedom.” Discuss the significance of this statement in Existential Philosophy.
Q.6 Do you think that Ibn-i-Khuldun’s philosophy of history is compatible with Islamic Philosophy of History?
Q.7 What are the essential differences between Mutazilism & Asharism? Can they be reconciled?
Q.8 Write short notes on any Two of the following:
(a) Ibn-e-Rushd’s critique of Al-Ghazali
(b) Psychology of Ibn-Sina
(c) Ethics of Al-Ghazali
(d) Political philosophy of Al-Farabi